Recycled Materials in Portland Cement Concrete

.............................................................................................................................1 Wastes and By-Products for Use in Portland Cement Concrete.....................................2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ....................................................................................................3 LITERATURE SURVEY..........................................................................................................3 Silica Fume...........................................................................................................................3 Blast Furnace Slag ..............................................................................................................4 Fly Ash ..................................................................................................................................6 Recycled Concrete...............................................................................................................7 Crushed Glass......................................................................................................................8 Street Sweepings .................................................................................................................9 Crumb Rubber....................................................................................................................10 Plastics................................................................................................................................10 Ceramic ...............................................................................................................................11 Sawdust ..............................................................................................................................11 Recycled Materials Used in New Jersey Highways........................................................12 LABORATORY TESTS .........................................................................................................13 Compressive and Flexure Strength..................................................................................13 Permeability ........................................................................................................................13 Accelerated Mortar Bar Test.............................................................................................14 Test Method.......................................................................................................................14 Test Procedure...................................................................................................................14 EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM ..............................................................................................15 PHASE A – NJDOT CLASS-A MIXTURES.........................................................................16 Phase-A Experimental Results .........................................................................................20 Discussion of Phase-A Results and Recommendations ................................................20 PHASE B – OPTIMIZED MIXTURES ..................................................................................22 Crushed Glass Concrete...................................................................................................23 Recycled Aggregate Concrete ..........................................................................................29 CONCLUSIONS.....................................................................................................................31 REFERENCES CITED..........................................................................................................32